neuroimaging
Recent research has shed light on how different levels of illuminance—the measure of the amount of light—can enhance alertness and cognitive performance in humans. The study found that higher light levels affect specific areas of the brain region known as the hypothalamus, enhancing certain cognitive functions during tasks that involve executive and emotional processing. The findings were published in the journal eLife. The primary motivation behind the study was to understand how varying intensities of light impact the human brain, particularly the hypothalamus, which plays a crucial role in ...
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A recent study published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships explores how adolescent attachment styles influence brain activity in adulthood during social interactions. The findings reveal that securely attached adolescents exhibit increased brain activity in regions associated with emotion, cognition, and reward when holding hands with a romantic partner or even a stranger. These results suggest that the quality of attachment in adolescence can shape adult responses to social support at a neural level. Attachment theory posits that early relationships with caregivers form the ...
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A recent scientific study published in the journal Brain Structure and Function provides evidence that social isolation not only impairs the ability of mice to recognize other mice socially but also leads to a decrease in brain cells. The research highlights the importance of social interaction in early life on brain health and social cognition. Previous studies have established a link between social deprivation and various brain changes in humans and animal models, particularly affecting areas involved in emotional processing and social interaction. However, gaps remain in understanding the s...
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A neuroimaging study has found that youth with more pronounced callous-unemotional personality traits tend to have higher gray matter volume and surface area in the anterior cingulate cortex region of the brain. But no associations between aggression and brain structure were found. The research was published in Scientific Reports. Since the dawn of time, humans have been killing each other. Estimates state that around 1.6 million people die each year as a result of violence. While proneness to violence is a complex phenomenon, studies have identified specific risk factors that increase the lik...
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In a study published in Brain Communications, researchers have found evidence that individuals with aphantasia, a condition where people struggle to create mental images, exhibit significant differences in brain activity related to motor simulations compared to those without this condition. The study found that people with aphantasia do not show the expected increase in brain activity that typically occurs when imagining or observing movements, which contrasts sharply with individuals who can easily generate mental images. Aphantasia is a condition where individuals are unable to generate volu...
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Researchers at the Paris Brain Institute have conducted a groundbreaking study on the processes that occur in the brain as it transitions from life to death, particularly focusing on a phenomenon called the “wave of death.” The study, published in the journal Neurobiology of Disease, reveals that the final cessation of brain activity involves a dramatic wave of neuronal depolarization, which could potentially inform interventions in cases of acute brain injury and cardiorespiratory arrest. Understanding the brain’s response to severe oxygen deprivation has long been a subject of intense resear...
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A longitudinal study of older adults has shown that individuals with higher concentrations of amyloid beta proteins in their brains experienced accelerated cognitive decline. This finding suggests that a single positron emission tomography (PET) scan assessing amyloid beta protein levels in the brain could be sufficient to predict the rate of cognitive decline in individuals. The study was published in the journal NeuroImage: Clinical. Amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques are protein deposits that accumulate in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and, to a lesser extent, in several other t...
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A study recently published in the American Journal of Psychiatry provides new insights into structural changes in the brain associated with anxiety disorders in preadolescent children. The research highlights marked differences in white matter alterations between boys and girls, suggesting a sex-specific aspect to these disorders that could influence future treatments. “Anxiety disorders are among the most common psychiatric disorders in children and represent an increasingly large public health concern,” said study author Nakul Aggarwal, a PhD student at the University of Wisconsin-Madison an...
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Recent scientific advancements have shed light on the potential synergistic effects of meditation and psychedelic substances. A study published in Scientific Reports reveals how psilocybin, a psychedelic compound, when combined with open monitoring meditation may enhance the depth of insightfulness in experienced meditators. This enhancement appears to be mediated by changes in the brain’s organizational patterns. Open monitoring meditation is a type of meditation that emphasizes the broad, non-reactive awareness of the content of experience from moment to moment. Unlike focused attention medi...
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In a study recently published in the Journal of Affective Disorders, researchers have found evidence suggesting that certain types of gut bacteria may influence the thickness of the brain’s cortex. The study identifies specific bacteria within the orders Lactobacillales and Bacillales that are potentially associated with changes in brain structure. Our gut is teeming with microorganisms that influence various aspects of our health, from metabolism and immunity to our risk for diseases. Recently, scientists have begun to explore how these microbes might also impact the brain. This interaction b...
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