Fireflies, which were in short supply last year, seem to be making a resurgence this year.
But did you know the reason why these fireflies light up, especially in the summertime?
Here’s a primer on what fireflies are and how these lightning bugs light up summer nights.
What are fireflies?
Fireflies, otherwise known as lightning bugs, are known for their ability to glow at night.
According to the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, fireflies are actually not flies, but are instead a form of beetle, going through the same life cycle: egg, larva, pupa, and adult.
Fireflies fall into three categories: daytime dark fireflies, which do not produce light; glow-worm fireflies, which glow but do not fly; and flashing fireflies, which produce quick, bright flashes.
The creatures live in both temperate and tropical climates all over the world.
What makes fireflies light up?
The feature that makes fireflies glow is called bioluminescence, which is created through a chemical process that takes place in the creature’s abdomen.
The creatures combine oxygen with luciferin to make light without producing any heat.
Why do fireflies glow at night?
Fireflies glow at night for a number of reasons. Most fireflies produce light in short, rhythmic bursts to attract mates, according to the Encyclopedia Brittanica.
Sometimes the larvae are luminescent before they hatch as a way to ward off predators, such as frogs. This acts as a reminder of sorts that they have a bitter taste and could be toxic if eaten.
The larvae in particular also light up at night because that is when they are most active, according to Scientific American.
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Katherine Rodriguez can be reached at krodriguez@njadvancemedia.com. Have a tip? Tell us at nj.com/tips.
